ABSTRACT
Studies assessing the prevalence of oral lesions show that 5.2% to 12.8% of biopsy specimens are from children and adolescents. In Brazil, there are few studies analyzing the distribution of oral lesions in that population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of oral and maxillomandibular lesions of adolescents, admitted to the Department of Oral Diagnosis of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) from 1994 to 2013. A study based on the review of the charts was done and the lesions were classified in 11 categories: salivary glands disease, dental pathology, gingival and periodontal pathology, odontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, non odontogenic cysts, bone pathology, mucosal pathology, connective tissue pathology, malignant tumors and other pathology. Variables including age, sex, ethnicity, diagnosis and lesion location were also evaluated. Upon analysis, 376 lesions were identified, most in girls, 51.9% and 77.1 % of patients were white. The most frequent site was the lower lip followed by the gingiva. Mucocele was the most common lesion (27.6%), followed by fibroepithelial hyperplasia (8.2%) and pyogenic granuloma (5.3%). Although there is a wide range of pathologies that can occur in the oral cavity, traumatic injuries are the most common in this age group.
Los estudios que evalúan la prevalencia de lesiones orales muestran que entre el 5,2% hasta el 12,8% de las muestras de biopsia corresponden a niños y adolescentes. En Brasil, hay pocos estudios que hayan analizado la distribución de las lesiones orales enesa población. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la distribución de las lesiones orales y maxilofaciales de adolescentes, ingresados en el Servicio de Diagnóstico Oral de la Universidad Federal de Paraná (UFPR) entre 1994 a 2013. Se llevó a cabo la revisión de historias clínicas y las lesiones halladas fueron clasificadas en 11 categorías: enfermedad de glándulas salivales, patología dental, patología gingival y periodontal, quistes odontogénicos, tumores odontogénicos, quistes no odontogénicos, patología ósea, patología de la mucosa, patología del tejido conectivo, tumores malignos y otras patologías. También se evaluaron otras variables como edad, género, etnia, diagnóstico y localización de la lesión. Luego del análisis, se identificaron 376 lesiones, la mayoría en niñas (51,9%), siendo el 77,1% de los pacientes de raza blanca. La localización más frecuente fue el labio inferior seguida de la encía. El mucocele fue la lesión más común (27,6%), seguido de hiperplasia fibroepitelial (8,2%) y granuloma piógeno (5,3%). Aunque existe una amplia serie de patologías que pueden ocurrir en la cavidad oral, las lesiones traumáticas son las más comunes en este grupo de edad.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Facial Neoplasms/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Maxillary Neoplasms/pathology , Neurofibroma/pathology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Age Distribution , Mouth MucosaABSTRACT
O avanço verificado no enfrentamento de neoplasias malignas por meio dos sistemas de saúde envolve melhorias nas áreas de vigilância, organização de redes de assistência, programas específicos voltados às prevenções primária e secundária e, obviamente, aos avanços técnico-científicos que caracterizam a abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica. Embora seja notável o reconhecimento de avanços no manejo de neoplasias malignas em todas as áreas citadas, o câncer da boca permanece com indicadores de morbidade e mortalidade que parecem não acompanhar o acúmulo científico no conhecimento da doença. O presente manuscrito objetiva discutir os motivos desse descompasso, a necessidade de reorientação de prioridades na abordagem do câncer da boca e sua efetivação como política pública de saúde.
Progress in cancer management by health systems involves improvements in surveillance, organization of healthcare services, specific programs focused on primary and secondary prevention, and scientific and technical advances in diagnosis and treatment. Despite well-known progress in the management of malignant neoplasms in all the above areas, oral cancer displays persistently high morbidity and mortality rates, apparently failing to reflect the accumulated scientific knowledge on the disease. The current article discusses the reasons for this mismatch, the need for redefining priorities in oral cancer management, and the implementation of such priorities as a public health policy.